{"id":489,"date":"2016-03-18T17:36:57","date_gmt":"2016-03-18T15:36:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=489"},"modified":"2016-03-18T17:36:57","modified_gmt":"2016-03-18T15:36:57","slug":"cin-yunanistan-ekonomik-isbirligi-ve-turkiyeye-etkileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=489","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in-Yunanistan Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Etkileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"pm-tsipras-welcomes-existing-chinese-investments.w_hr\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Do\u00e7. Dr. Sel\u00e7uk \u00c7olako\u011flu<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u0131\u015f ticaret firmalar\u0131ndan Cosco \u015firketi Eyl\u00fcl 2010\u2019da imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir anla\u015fmayla Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck limanlar\u0131ndan olan Atina yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 35 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na kiralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in firmas\u0131, Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 modernize edip bir lojistik \u00fcs olarak kullanmay\u0131 planlamaktad\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda \u00c7inlilerin Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 kiralamas\u0131na giden s\u00fcre\u00e7 Haziran 2010\u2019da \u00c7in Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ZhangDejiang\u2019\u0131n Yunanistan ziyaretine kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. Tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck mali krizlerinden birini ya\u015fayan ve iflas\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine gelen Yunanistan, \u00c7in a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a avantajl\u0131 bir pazar haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcne kadar Avrupa\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 d\u00fczeyde kalan \u00c7in, Yunanistan ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalarla ciddi ad\u0131mlar atmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Haziran 2010da imzalanan 14 anla\u015fmayla iki \u00fclke ciddi bir ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fine gitmi\u015flerdir. \u00c7inli emlak \u015firketi BCEGI ile Yunan Helios Plaza \u015firketi oteller ve turistik tesisler in\u015fa etmeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren 123 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir anla\u015fma imzalam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yine \u00c7in\u2019in teknoloji \u015firketi Huawei Technologies ile HellenicTelecommunications ileti\u015fim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde i\u015fbirli\u011fine gitmi\u015flerdir. Bu 14 i\u015fbirli\u011fi projesini ise Eyl\u00fcl 2010\u2019da Pire liman\u0131n\u0131n 35 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na Cosco firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kiralanmas\u0131 takip etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0130N\u2019\u0130N T\u0130CAR\u0130 \u00dcSLER\u0130<\/p>\n

2009\u2019da Almanya\u2019y\u0131 ve 2010\u2019da Japonya\u2019y\u0131 ge\u00e7erek ABD\u2019den sonra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi haline gelen \u00c7in, bu iktisadi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc koruyup geli\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyada ticari \u00fcsler kurma yoluna gitmektedir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00c7in, G\u00fcney Asya\u2019da Myanmar, Sri Lanka ve Pakistan\u2019da, Afrika\u2019da Angola\u2019da, Latin Amerika\u2019da ise Peru\u2019da liman kurma projelerini hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. \u00c7inli \u015firketler bu \u00fclkelerin \u00e7e\u015fitli limanlar\u0131n\u0131 uzun vadeli kiralayarak modernle\u015ftirmekte, daha sonra buralar\u0131 hem g\u00fcvenli ticari limanlar haline getirmekte hem de \u00c7in ticareti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan lojistik \u00fcsler kullanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

T\u0131pk\u0131 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Singapur ve Hong Kong\u2019u ticari \u00fcs olarak kurmalar\u0131 gibi \u015fimdinin ekonomik devi \u00c7in de 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda benzer giri\u015fimlere imza atmaktad\u0131r. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar kurulacak yeni bir liman ve iskele ile Pire Liman\u0131, \u00c7in\u2019in Avrupa \u00fcss\u00fc konumuna gelecek ve bu sayede \u00c7in mallar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa, Kuzey Afrika ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz havzas\u0131nda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sevkini sa\u011flayabilecektir.<\/p>\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019YE ETK\u0130LER\u0130<\/p>\n

\u00c7inlilerin Pire Liman\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fletmeye ba\u015flamalar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iki b\u00fcy\u00fck risk do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak T\u00fcrk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00c7in mallar\u0131yla hem kalite hem de pazara yak\u0131nl\u0131k avantaj\u0131 ile rekabet etmekteydi. Maliyetleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in kitlesel \u00fcretim yapan \u00c7in firmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrk firmalar\u0131 daha az miktarda ama seri ve kaliteli \u00fcretim yapmakta ve bunu h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Avrupa, Rusya, Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu pazarlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131rmaktayd\u0131. 2009\u2019daki kriz ortam\u0131nda al\u0131c\u0131 firmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck sipari\u015flerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131 da T\u00fcrkiye lehine bir ortam olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Ancak \u00c7in 2010\u2019un ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finden itibaren Avrupa\u2019ya olan ihracat\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczde 50 oran\u0131nda art\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve bunu da Pire liman\u0131 hamlesi takip etmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece Pire liman\u0131nda depolama yapma kapasitesine ula\u015facak \u00c7inli firmalar Avrupa piyasas\u0131nda olu\u015fabilecek ani talep de\u011fi\u015fimlerine kar\u015f\u0131 esnek mal sevkiyat\u0131 yapabilme imkan\u0131n\u0131 yakalayacaklard\u0131r. Bu da T\u00fcrk mallar\u0131n\u0131n lojistik avantajlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131p sadece kalite standartlar\u0131yla \u00c7in \u00fcr\u00fcnleriyle rek\u00e2ket etmek zorunda b\u0131rakabilir.<\/p>\n

Pire liman\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmesinin T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011furabilece\u011fi ikinci \u00f6nemli risk ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ula\u015f\u0131m koridoru olma iddias\u0131yla ilgilidir. T\u00fcrkiye, do\u011fu-bat\u0131 koridoruyla Asya ve Avrupa aras\u0131nda, kuzey-g\u00fcney koridoruyla da Rusya ve Afrika aras\u0131nda mal ve hizmetler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ula\u015f\u0131m koridoru olma iddias\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan enerji nakil hatlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7mesi Ankara\u2019ya ekonomik ve stratejik avantajlar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde denizyolu, karayolu ve demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131yla kom\u015fu b\u00f6lgelerin ticaretinin T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinden sa\u011flanmas\u0131 da \u00fclke ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsatlar yaratacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00c7inlilerin Pire liman\u0131 \u00fczerinden Avrupa ile ticaretini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin lojistik merkezi olma iddias\u0131na da zarar vermektedir. Nitekim T\u00fcrkiye Akdeniz\u2019deki Mersin liman\u0131n\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge ticaret \u00fcss\u00fc olarak konumland\u0131rmak istemektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ticaret yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kalmas\u0131 son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Unutmayal\u0131m ki Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, \u00c7in\u2019den gelen ipekyolu ile Hindistan\u2019dan gelen baharat yoluna h\u00e2kim olunca devasa bir imparatorluk haline gelmi\u015f, 16. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda d\u00fcnya ticaret yollar\u0131 co\u011frafi ke\u015fiflerle birlikte okyanuslara kay\u0131nca gerileme s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7A\u011eDA\u015e \u0130PEKYOLU<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilen i\u015fbirli\u011fi alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130pekyolu\u201dnun in\u015fas\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1991\u2019de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan hemen sonra \u00e7\u0131kan Karaba\u011f ihtilaf\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Ankara\u2019n\u0131n Azerbaycan\u2019a destek olmak i\u00e7in Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmas\u0131, do\u011fu-bat\u0131 demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131nda bir kopuklu\u011fu yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir alternatif olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Kars-Tiflis demiryolu projesi ise halen tamamlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130n\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flanan bu yolun bir an \u00f6nce bitirilmesi, T\u00fcrkiye-Kafkasya-Orta Asya-\u00c7in demiryolu hatt\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Bu sayede \u00c7in\u2019den Akdeniz\u2019e kadar olan denizyolu g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131na alternatif olarak kuzeyden bir demiryolu hatt\u0131 eklenecektir.<\/p>\n

Yine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ran ve Pakistan \u00fczerinden demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131yla \u00c7in ve Hindistan pazarlar\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn Nisan 2010\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Pakistan ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ran-Pakistan demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n rehabilite edilerek ticari ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131kta aktif olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde mutabakata var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Nitekim A\u011fustos 2010\u2019da Pakistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan sel felaketinden sonra bu demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 faaliyete ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrk yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ayni yard\u0131mlar\u0131 trenlerle Pakistanl\u0131 selzedelere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Pakistan \u00fczerinden \u00c7in ve Hindistan\u2019a demiryolu ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in de gerekli giri\u015fimlerde bulunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Pakistan ve Hindistan aras\u0131nda varolan demiryolunun T\u00fcrkiye-Hindistan kargo nakliyesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli giri\u015fimlerde bulunulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pakistan-\u00c7in demiryolu a\u011flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda eksik olan hatt\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler devam etmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te T\u00fcrkiye de aktif bir \u015fekilde yer alabilir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu-bat\u0131 ve kuzey-g\u00fcney ula\u015f\u0131m koridoru haline gelmek isteyen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin liman modernle\u015ftirmelerinde de h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etmesi gerekmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitli limanlar\u0131ndaki yenile\u015ftirme ve geni\u015fletme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u015fimdiye kadar olduk\u00e7a yava\u015f bir seyir takip etmi\u015ftir. Bu konuda sadece siyasi h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin de\u011fil, yarg\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kusuru bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1990\u2019lardan beri T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan liman \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeleri Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131yla daha \u00e7ok da siyasi m\u00fclahazalarla iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Bu da sadece liman \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmelerinde de\u011fil t\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin riskli bir \u00fclke haline gelmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yabanc\u0131 \u015firketler ihaleleri kazansalar bile ne zaman ve nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131 belli olmayan uzun yarg\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle ma\u011fdur edilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan 12 Eyl\u00fcl 2010\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen k\u0131smi anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi paketiyle Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yerindelik denetimi yapma yetkisinin elinden al\u0131nmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gelece\u011fi ad\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinin h\u0131zlanmas\u0131 ve \u00fclkeye yabanc\u0131 sermaye giri\u015finin artmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u00fcretim merkezleri haline gelen \u00c7in ve Hindistan ile lojistik konusunda gerekli temaslar\u0131n ihmal edilmeksizin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n gelecekte bir ticaret merkezi haline gelebilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u00e7. Dr. Sel\u00e7uk \u00c7olako\u011flu<\/p>\n

19 Eyl\u00fcl 2010, Pazar<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.usak.org.tr\/makale.asp?id=1694<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do\u00e7. Dr. Sel\u00e7uk \u00c7olako\u011flu \u00c7in\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u0131\u015f ticaret firmalar\u0131ndan Cosco \u015firketi Eyl\u00fcl 2010\u2019da imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir anla\u015fmayla Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck limanlar\u0131ndan olan Atina yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 35 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na kiralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in firmas\u0131, Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 modernize edip bir lojistik \u00fcs olarak kullanmay\u0131 planlamaktad\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda \u00c7inlilerin Pire liman\u0131n\u0131 kiralamas\u0131na giden s\u00fcre\u00e7 Haziran 2010\u2019da \u00c7in Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ZhangDejiang\u2019\u0131n Yunanistan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel","category-turkiye-ve-cin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":491,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions\/491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}