{"id":4283,"date":"2020-07-24T11:43:59","date_gmt":"2020-07-24T08:43:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=4283"},"modified":"2020-07-27T12:11:48","modified_gmt":"2020-07-27T09:11:48","slug":"dogu-turkistanin-yakin-tarihi-ve-uygur-turkleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=4283","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n tarihi ve Uygur T\u00fcrkleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bahtiyar Bah\u015fi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunun yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden biri olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, gerek mevcut stratejik konumu gerekse yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc zenginlikleri ile bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyada son derece b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. N\u00fcfusunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fu kesiminde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, T\u00fcrk milletinin ana yurdu olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sahip oldu\u011fu tarihi birikimi, k\u00f6kl\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleri, co\u011frafi ve siyasi yap\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da ku\u015fkusuz di\u011fer medeniyetler i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli bir merkez konumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan co\u011frafyas\u0131 sahip oldu\u011fu stratejik konumu, yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tarih boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin \u00f6zellikle de \u00c7in\u2019in hedefinde olmu\u015ftur. 1949\u2019dan sonra \u00c7in y\u00f6netiminin uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bask\u0131 ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, halk h\u00fcrriyetini korumak i\u00e7in \u00c7in devleti ile m\u00fccadeleye giri\u015fmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik anlamda sahip oldu\u011fu haklar\u0131 elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrkler zor \u015fartlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmler bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli bahanelerle tutuklanm\u0131\u015f ve katledilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in zulm\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bu hakl\u0131 duru\u015f \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan kanl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bast\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131 ve zulme kar\u015f\u0131 boyun e\u011fmesi beklenmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n bu zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bu m\u00fccadele ne ac\u0131d\u0131r ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinden \u00f6te bir ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/span><\/strong> Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, Uygur T\u00fcrkleri, Bask\u0131<\/p>\n

1. G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusu, Avrupa i\u00e7lerinden Orta Asya\u2019ya kadar yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Bu n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesiz B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu kesiminde ya\u015fayanDo\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan b\u00f6lgesi, T\u00fcrklerin en eski yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131ndan da biridir (G\u00fcl, 2007: 253). Bu bak\u0131mdan T\u00fcrk milleti i\u00e7in \u00f6nem te\u015fkil eden bu b\u00f6lge tarihi, co\u011frafyas\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve siyasi yap\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ku\u015fkusuz di\u011fer medeniyetler i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli bir merkezdir. Her bak\u0131mdan T\u00fcrk milleti i\u00e7in bir miras bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bu b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in \u00c7inliler ise \u201aSinkiang\u201b (Yeni S\u00f6m\u00fcrge) ad\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaktad\u0131r (Bahar, 1994: 233).<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan 5.000.000 (be\u015f milyon) kilometrekarelik B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fusunda ve Asya K\u0131tas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tam ortas\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan; g\u00fcneyde Pakistan, Hindistan, Ke\u015fmir ve Tibet; g\u00fcneybat\u0131 ve bat\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Afganistan ve Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan; kuzeyde Sibirya ve nihayet do\u011fu ve kuzeydo\u011fuda \u00c7in, Mo\u011folistan ile s\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131r (Alptekin, 1992). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n co\u011frafi konumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda kendi b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in son derece
\n\u00f6nemli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f noktas\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ile \u00c7in ve Mo\u011folistan aras\u0131nda Akda\u011f, Altay Da\u011flar\u0131, Karl\u0131k Da\u011f, Alt\u0131n Da\u011f, \u00c7imen Da\u011f\u0131 ve Bukal\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131 ile 500 km. bir \u00e7\u00f6l bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yine Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Tibet ve Ke\u015fmir ile aras\u0131nda Kuenlun, Karakulum ve Ta\u011fdunba\u015f Da\u011flar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan ve Sibirya aras\u0131nda; Tanr\u0131 Da\u011flar\u0131, Cungar Alada\u011f\u0131, Tarabagatay ve Altay Da\u011flar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te birini olu\u015fturan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc 1.828.418 kilometre karedir. Bunun 600.000 kilometre karesi \u00e7\u00f6l, 91.000 kilometre karesi ormand\u0131r (Alptekin, 1992).<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan petrol, uranyum, demir, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, alt\u0131n, volfram, tuz, do\u011fal gaz gibi stratejik yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc zenginliklerine sahip \u00fclkedir. \u00d6zellikle b\u00f6lgenin kuzeyinde Karamay yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda hidrokarbon \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 devam etmektedir. Burada petrol \u00fcretimi 7 milyon ton ve do\u011fal gaz \u00fcretimi de 500.000 ile 700.000 ton k\u00f6m\u00fcr e\u015fde\u011ferine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Urum\u00e7i ve Hami yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki 56 maden oca\u011f\u0131ndan y\u0131lda ortalama 8 ile 9 milyon ton aras\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede 570\u2019ten fazla nehir ve akarsu bulunuyor. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lgenin, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6lgesi olan merkez Asya\u2019ya, yani Kazakistan, \u00d6zbekistan, Tacikistan, Rusya ve Pakistan\u2019a s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r ki bu \u00fclkelerde petrol ve do\u011fal gaz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengindir. Sincan Uygur \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nden ge\u00e7en boru hatlar\u0131, tren yollar\u0131 ve otomobil yollar\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019in merkez Asya ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7in\u2019in gelecekteki ekonomik kalk\u0131nma plan\u0131, \u00f6ncelikli olarak yeterli \u201ahammadde-enerji-i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc\u201bne dayanmaktad\u0131r ve bunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019dan sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009:4).<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lge s\u00f6z konusu \u00f6zellikleri ve sahip oldu\u011fu kaynaklar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kendi kendine yetebilecek hatta ihtiya\u00e7 fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ihra\u00e7 edebilecek bir potansiyele sahiptir. Yukar\u0131da verilen bilgilerden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan sahip oldu\u011fu co\u011frafi konum, yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc zenginlikleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00f6lge devletler ve \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in i\u00e7in stratejik \u00f6neme sahip bir konumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, M.\u00d6. 210\u2019dan itibaren Orta Asya\u2019da kurulan Hun, Tabga\u00e7, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, Uygur, K\u0131rg\u0131z, T\u00fcrgi\u00e7, Karluk, Karahan\u00ee gibi T\u00fcrk devletlerinin i\u00e7inde bulunmu\u015ftur. Fakat \u00c7inliler, bu T\u00fcrk devletlerinin zaman zaman zay\u0131flamalar\u0131ndan istifade ederek M.\u00d6. 104, 59; M.S. 73, 448, 657, 744 ve 1759 senelerinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 istila etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flarsa da, 1876’ya kadar bu emellerine nail olamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1911’de \u00c7inliler, Man\u00e7ur – \u00c7in hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na son vererek, yerine Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in idaresini kurduktan sonra da, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan \u00c7in s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi olarak kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1949 da Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in’in, idarecilerinin \u00c7in Kom\u00fcnistlerine ma\u011flup olup Taiwan’a ka\u00e7malar\u0131ndan sonra, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan bu sefer \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti idaresi alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Alptekin, 1988: 145-146).<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan yukar\u0131daki bilgilerden de hareketle k\u0131saca \u00fc\u00e7 ana devir i\u00e7erisinde incelenir (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan G\u00f6\u00e7menler Derne\u011fi, Tarih belli de\u011fil):
\na-1760 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar olan m\u00fcstakil Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan.
\nb-1760\u2019tan 1949 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yar\u0131 m\u00fcstakil, yar\u0131 \u00c7in s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi olarak ya\u015fayan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan.
\nc- 1949\u2019dan itibaren de K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in esaretinde kalan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan.<\/p>\n

2. DO\u011eU T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN\u2019DA UYGULANAN BASKI, \u015e\u0130DDET VE TOPLU KATL\u0130AMLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerde ge\u00e7en tarihiyle, \u00c7in\u2019in T\u00fcrkleri yok etme ve T\u00fcrkistan topraklar\u0131na sahip olma politikalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk ka\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu tarihten itibaren T\u00fcrklerle \u00c7inliler defalarca sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00c7inliler T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015f ve geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015flerdir. Bu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunma m\u00fccadelesi 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00c7inlilerin Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal ede rek bu topraklara h\u00e2kim olmalar\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan
\ns\u00fcre\u00e7, \u00f6ncekilerden farkl\u0131 bir asimilasyon, sindirme, bask\u0131 ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 da beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir (Buran, 2011). \u00c7inliler \u00f6nce b\u00f6lgeye d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan g\u00f6\u00e7menler yerle\u015ftirerek, yerli halk\u0131n arazilerini ellerinden alm\u0131\u015f ve bu araziler sonradan getirilen g\u00f6\u00e7menlere verilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7in devletinin menfaatleri i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve bu do\u011frultuda hizmet
\neden, onlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmayan yerli ahaliye ise \u015feref unvanlar\u0131 ve malik\u00e2neler ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Bu\u011fra, 1952). Bu durum sonradan daha \u015fiddetli bir \u015fekilde zuhur edecek olan bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcmlere zemin haz\u0131rlayan geli\u015fmelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in 1949\u2019dan itibaren Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel politika Uygurlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutarak toplumsal geli\u015fimlerini engellemek olmu\u015ftur (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 5). Sosyal hayat\u0131n bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte toplumsal geli\u015fimin engellenmesi hedeflenmi\u015f ancak sadece toplumsal geli\u015fimin engellenmesi ile yetinilmeyerek ilerde olu\u015fmas\u0131 muhtemel bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini de ortadan kald\u0131rabilmek ad\u0131na siyasi ve ekonomik geli\u015fme ve giri\u015fimler de bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 \u00fczerinde farkl\u0131 alanlarda uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bu sindirme ve bask\u0131 politikalar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6rnekleriyle yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

2.1. N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n n\u00fcfusu meselesinde birbirini tutmayan rakamlar verilmektedir. Son tahminlere g\u00f6re, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc n\u00fcfusu 13 milyondan biraz fazlad\u0131r. Uygur T\u00fcrkleri 5 milyon 800 bin, Kazak T\u00fcrkleri 800 bin, di\u011fer T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 90 bin, Mo\u011follar 100 bin, Man\u00e7urlar 70 bin, Tungan (\u00c7inli M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) 100 bin ve geriye kalan n\u00fcfusu \u00c7inliler te\u015fkil etmektedir (Alptekin, 1988:145).<\/p>\n

Pekin\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 \u00c7inlile\u015ftirme konusundaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck kozu Han \u00c7inlilerini b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Pekin\u2019in g\u00f6\u00e7 politikas\u0131n\u0131n iki aya\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r: Han \u00c7inlilerini \u015eincang\u2019a yerle\u015ftirmeye te\u015fvik etmek ve Uygurlar\u0131 da \u00c7in\u2019in i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirmek \u015feklindedir. Han \u00c7inlilerini Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in i\u015f garantisi verilmekte, maa\u015flar\u0131 y\u00fcksek tutulmakta, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck konutlar sunulmakta ve do\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulanan \u2018tek \u00e7ocuk\u2019 politikas\u0131 esnetilmektedir. 1950\u2019de b\u00f6lge n\u00fcfusunun ancak y\u00fczde 10\u2019u
\nHan \u00c7inlisi iken, bu rakam 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda y\u00fczde 40\u2019a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 5). S\u00f6z konusu durum, b\u00f6lgenin demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik olarak uygulanan \u00c7in politikalar\u0131n\u0131n 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan itibaren kademeli olarak ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 bir \u00c7in eyaleti haline getirmek isteyen Maoist rejimin di\u011fer bir y\u00f6ntemi de zorunlu k\u00fcrtajla \u201aaile planlamas\u0131\u201bd\u0131r (Buran, 2011). Bahsi ge\u00e7en planlaman\u0131n as\u0131l amac\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunun \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi ve mevcut politikalarla var olan n\u00fcfusun da giderek azalt\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7inliler do\u011fum planlamas\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcyle 2005 senesine kadar Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da Uygur, Kazak, K\u0131rg\u0131z, \u00d6zbek, Tatar T\u00fcrklerinin dokuz milyon bebe\u011fi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Aksan, 2011). Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi n\u00fckleer denemeler sebebiyle \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ya da \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klara yakalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Atmosferik ve yer alt\u0131 n\u00fckleer deneylerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve f\u00fcze sistemlerinin test edildi\u011fi \u00fcs, Sovyet uzmanlar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla 16 Ekim 1959\u2019da kurulmu\u015ftur. 100.000 km\u00b2lik kullan\u0131m sahas\u0131yla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer tesisi olan Lop Nur\u2019da 1964-1996 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 46 n\u00fckleer deneme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bilinmektedir. Sapporo \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden
\nJapon profes\u00f6r Takada Jun, Mart 2009\u2019da Japonya\u2019da yap\u0131lan bir sempozyumda 1964\u2019ten 1996\u2019ya kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve k\u00fcm\u00fclatif olarak 200 megatonluk bir patlama g\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturan 46 n\u00fckleer denemenin 750.000 sivilin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir (Ihh: 2013). \u00dcstelik bu faaliyetler b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal dengesi nin bozulmas\u0131na ve gelecek nesillerin kal\u0131tsal hastal\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na sebep olacak sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilecek niteliktedir.<\/p>\n

2.2. Ekonomi Alan\u0131nda Uygulanan Bask\u0131lar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da uranyum, do\u011fal gaz, petrol, alt\u0131n gibi madenler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu yer alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin y\u00f6netimi ve denetimi alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yer alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131ndan elde edilen gelirlerden Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrkleri yararlanmamaktad\u0131r (Buran, 2011).<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan Uygurlar\u0131n ticari sahada sivrilmelerine de izin verilmemektedir. Rabia Kadir \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi her \u015feye ra\u011fmen i\u015f hayat\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup zenginle\u015fen insanlar da sistem taraf\u0131ndan tasfiye edilmektedir (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 5). Bu durum insanlar\u0131n sosyal hayatlar\u0131, e\u011fitim hayatlar\u0131, dini hayatlar\u0131 gibi ticari hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n da ellerinden al\u0131narak \u00c7in devletinin inisiyatifine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, can ve mal g\u00fcvenliklerinin de ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7inli patronlara teslim edilen gen\u00e7 ygurlar, a\u011f\u0131r derecede a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmakta, ucuz i\u015f\u00e7i olarak kullan\u0131lmakta ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131 gen\u00e7ler, kendi milli k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve geleneklerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken bir taraftan da \u00c7in milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi ve yerel halk\u0131n bask\u0131lar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n raporlar\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019in i\u00e7eri eyaletlerinde mecburi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta olan Uygur k\u0131z ve erkeklerinin say\u0131lar\u0131 tahmini olarak 500 binin \u00fczerindedir. Uygurlar, kalitesiz at\u00f6lye ve fabrikalarda, i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n fizik\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7 gerektiren i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (Ihh: 2014). Bu durum uygulanan politikalar\u0131n Uygur halk\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok boyutlu bir travma olu\u015fturmaya y\u00f6nelik hedefleri ihtiva etti\u011finin g\u00f6stergesidir. Nitekim uygulanan b\u00fct\u00fcn bu politikalar sosyal, siyasi, dini, iktisadi ve e\u011fitim haklar\u0131 neredeyse tamamen elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan Uygur halk\u0131n\u0131n, zor ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya zorlanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131n da ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

2.3. Siyasi Alanda Uygulanan Bask\u0131lar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in 1949\u2019dan itibaren Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel politika Uygurlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar siyasi ve ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutarak toplumsal geli\u015fimlerini engellemek olmu\u015ftur. Bu \u015fekilde Uygur toplumuna liderlik edebilecek bir kadronun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 engellenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 5) Uygulanan bask\u0131lar sosyal hayat\u0131n \u015fekillenmesinden e\u011fitim hayat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine kadar \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 alanlarda etkisini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana, insan haklar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ba\u015fvurarak \u00c7in s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren Uygur siyasi ve dini olu\u015fumlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tutumun yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur (Kul, 2013: 84).<\/p>\n

2.4. E\u011fitim Alan\u0131nda Uygulanan Bask\u0131lar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Uygur T\u00fcrkleri ile Han \u00c7inlileri aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k e\u011fitim e\u015fitsizli\u011finde de g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Uygur T\u00fcrklerinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu k\u00f6y ve kasabada okul bile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir ve mevcut okullar\u0131nda \u00c7inlilerin e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc okullar\u0131n aksine, olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 imk\u00e2nlara sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. E\u011fitim alan\u0131ndaki bu e\u015fitsizlik, \u00f6\u011frencilerin y\u00fcksekokul ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla meslek hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 da olumsuz etkilemektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n tek \u00fcniversitesi olan Sincan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde okuyan \u00f6\u011frencilerin %80\u2019i \u00c7inli ve ancak %20\u2019si M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019d\u0131r. Okullardaki derslerin m\u00fcfredatlar\u0131 ise Uygur \u0130slam K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve tarihine ili\u015fkin belgelerden ziyade \u00c7in k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc dayatan unsurlar i\u00e7ermektedir (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 6). Bu durum insan\u0131n en tabii hakk\u0131 olan \u00f6\u011frenme hakk\u0131n\u0131n elinden al\u0131nmas\u0131na veya \u00f6nceden belirlenen ama\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda haz\u0131rlanan bir e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclerek e\u011fitimin siyasi ve ideolojik hedeflere alet edilmesine neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

1958 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimde e\u011fitim dili \u00c7ince olmu\u015f, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yasaklanm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyelerinin i\u015fine son verilmi\u015ftir (Buran, 2011). Son y\u0131llarda Ur\u00fcm\u00e7i\u2019deki Xinjiang \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki baz\u0131 Uygur hocalar \u00c7ince bilmedikleri gerek\u00e7esiyle i\u015ften at\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 6)<\/p>\n

2.5. Din Alan\u0131nda Uygulanan Bask\u0131lar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yine Uygurlar, din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc noktas\u0131nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Tamam\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Uygurlar ve di\u011fer T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli halklar ile Han \u00c7inlileri aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131k, etnisiteden oldu\u011fu kadar dini farkl\u0131l\u0131ktan da beslenmektedir (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 6).<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n hemen her sene bir b\u00f6lgesinde veya bir \u015fehrinde ayaklanma \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu ayaklanmalar daha ziyade Ramazan ve Kurban bayramlar\u0131 zamanlar\u0131na isabet etmektedir. Zira K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in idaresi bayram namazlar\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmemekte ve bunu protesto i\u00e7in, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar isyana giri\u015fmektedir (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan G\u00f6\u00e7menler Derne\u011fi, Tarih belli de\u011fil ).<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan genelinde cami giri\u015flerine devlet memuru, \u00f6\u011frenci, \u00c7in Kom\u00fcnist Partisi \u00fcyeleri ile emekli memurlar\u0131n camiye gidemeyecekleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilanlar as\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Camiye gidi\u015f geli\u015fler cemaat aras\u0131ndaki istihbarat elemanlar\u0131nca s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde denetlenmektedir. Yine Ramazan ay\u0131nda devlet memuru ve \u015firket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 Uygurlar\u0131n oru\u00e7 tutup tutmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in su i\u00e7meye zorlanmaktad\u0131r (Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 2009: 6). Bu durum toplum hayat\u0131nda hemen her y\u00f6nden etki eden bask\u0131 ve zorlaman\u0131n dini boyuttaki yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zler
\n\u00f6n\u00fcne sermekte ve sosyal, siyasi, iktisadi ve e\u011fitim haklar\u0131 ellerinden al\u0131nan insanlar\u0131n inan\u00e7 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin de yok say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara uygulanan yasaklarla ilgili bas\u0131nda yer alan \u00f6rnek haberler:<\/p>\n

\u2018\u00c7in \u0130srail\u2019in \u0130zinde: Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da Katliam Var\u2019<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcr Asya Radyosunun b\u00f6lgeden ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 habere g\u00f6re 18 A\u011fustos Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Ka\u015fgar vilayetine ba\u011fl\u0131 Yarkent (Yeken) il\u00e7esinde polisler bir aileye bask\u0131n yaparak bir kad\u0131n\u0131n tesett\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc zorla a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken aile fertleri ortas\u0131nda ya\u015fanan kanl\u0131 olayda 70 ya\u015fl\u0131k nene ve 7 ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocuk olmak \u00f6zere 5 ki\u015fi \u00c7in polisi taraf\u0131ndan ate\u015f a\u00e7\u0131larak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bildirilmi\u015ftir (Timeturk: 2014).<\/p>\n

‘Oru\u00e7lular\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in bedava yemek da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar’<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar’ Almanya\u2019da ya\u015fayan D\u00fcnya Uygur Kongresi s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Dil\u015fat Ra\u015fit, Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc Kom\u00fcnist Parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n, Uygurlar\u0131n oru\u00e7 tutup tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131namak i\u00e7in halka bedava yiyecek i\u00e7ecek da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi (Aljazeera: 2014).<\/p>\n

\u2018Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in Vah\u015feti\u2019<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kom\u00fcnist \u00c7in y\u00f6netiminin Ramazan ay\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan zulm\u00fc devam ediyor. Bayram\u0131n birinci g\u00fcn\u00fc Yarkent b\u00f6lgesinde ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc kad\u0131nlara yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 sonras\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen protestolara silah kullanarak cevap veren \u00c7in
\ng\u00fc\u00e7leri katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 ter\u00f6r estiren \u00c7in g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrken, b\u00f6lgeyle de ileti\u015fimi tamamen kesti. Ramazan Bayram\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan katliamda \u015fu ana kadar ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bilinmiyor. Konuyla ilgili \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapan Seyit T\u00fcmt\u00fcrk, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan drama dikkat \u00e7ekerek \u00f6lmemi\u015f vicdanlara seslendi. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman co\u011frafyalardaki soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini vurgulayan T\u00fcmt\u00fcrk, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki sessizli\u011fin ise vicdanlar\u0131 yaralad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131. T\u00fcmt\u00fcrk, \u201c\u00c7in y\u00f6netimi bize bayram\u0131 zehir etti. Bu geliyorum denen bir katliamd\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ra ba\u011f\u0131ra geldi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde olmayan oru\u00e7 yasa\u011f\u0131 Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da ya\u015fand\u0131 ve bu zulm\u00fc d\u00fcnya g\u00f6rmedi. D\u00fcnya sessiz kal\u0131nca \u00c7in iyice az\u0131tt\u0131. \u00c7in burada \u015funu arzulad\u0131; Oru\u00e7 yasaklanarak Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131lar soka\u011fa d\u00f6k\u00fclecek ve katliam i\u00e7in zemin haz\u0131rlanacakt\u0131. Ama halk
\nbu oyuna gelmedi. Ancak yine de \u00c7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye devam etti. Ramazan\u2019\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130li\u015fko kasabas\u0131nda 30 karde\u015fimiz katledilmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer katliamlar ise bilinmiyor\u201d dedi (Yeniakit:2014).<\/p>\n

\u20185 \u015eubat 1997 Gulca Olaylar\u0131\u2019<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

05.02.1997 tarihinde, 1949 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri \u00c7in i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda bulunan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Gulca vilayetinde \u00c7in i\u015fgalcileri taraf\u0131ndan bir katliam ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. 5 \u015eubat \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc Kadir Gecesi olmas\u0131 m\u00fcnasebetiyle bir evde toplanarak Kuran okumakta olan bir grup Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131 kad\u0131n, \u00c7in\u2019in s\u00f6zde g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin ani bask\u0131n\u0131na Bu kad\u0131nlar yaka-pa\u00e7a al\u0131narak dip\u00e7ik darbeleriyle polis merkezine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler. \u00c7inli polislerin bu insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n akabinde galeyana gelen silahs\u0131z halk\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00c7inli polislerce makineli t\u00fcfeklerle yayl\u0131m ate\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u015fiddetli kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuru alt\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce masum Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. Bunun akabinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n her yerinde ayaklanmalar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131kan olaylar \u00e7inin insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve zalimane y\u00f6ntemleriyle bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Doguturk\u0131stan: 2013).<\/p>\n

3. SONU\u00c7<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde t\u0131pk\u0131 Kerk\u00fck\u2019te T\u00fcrkmen n\u00fcfusuna, Gazze\u2019de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusa uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikalar\u0131n\u0131 en ac\u0131 \u015fekilde ya\u015fayan \u00fclkelerden biridir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve i\u015fgal politikalar\u0131 en \u015fiddetli \u015fekilde devam etmekte ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fkencelere maruz b\u0131rak\u0131larak \u00e7ocuk, ya\u015fl\u0131, kad\u0131n demeden n\u00fcfus k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmakta, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hakk\u0131 ve hatta ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 elinden al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan co\u011frafyas\u0131 stratejik konumundan, sahip oldu\u011fu yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 tarih boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin \u00f6zellikle de \u00c7in\u2019in hedefinde olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zellikle 1949\u2019dan sonra \u00c7in y\u00f6netiminin uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bask\u0131 ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, medya ve di\u011fer ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan takip edebildi\u011fimiz kadar Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu m\u00fccadele ne ac\u0131d\u0131r ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinden \u00f6te bir ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik anlamda sahip oldu\u011fu haklar\u0131 elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f
\nve T\u00fcrkler zor \u015fartlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli bahanelerle tutuklanm\u0131\u015f ve katledilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Orhun Abideleri\u2019nde, \u201a\u00c7in milletinin s\u00f6z\u00fc tatl\u0131, ipe\u011fi yumu\u015fak imi\u015f, tatl\u0131 s\u00f6zle, yumu\u015fak ipek kuma\u015fla aldat\u0131p uzak milleti \u00f6ylece yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rm\u0131\u015f\u201b \u015feklinde yer alan nasihat, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131rlar s\u00fcren \u00f6zetidir asl\u0131nda. \u00c7in y\u00f6netimi Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesini, \u00f6zellikle
\n11 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fcnyaya s\u00f6zde ter\u00f6rizm m\u00fccadelesi olarak duyurmu\u015f, bu \u015fekilde uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131na uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyunda me\u015fru zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ve bu deste\u011fi de k\u0131smen bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Rabia Kadir, \u0130sa Yusuf Alptekin, Muhammed Emin Bu\u011fra, Abdulkadir Damulla, Mesud Sabri Baykuzu ve daha ad\u0131n\u0131 sayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi veren liderleri, y\u00f6neticileri ter\u00f6rist diye lanse etmi\u015f ve bu liderler, y\u00f6neticiler \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f ya tutuklanm\u0131\u015f ya da sorgusuz infaz edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde, hedeflerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fcnya kamuoyu da gerekli tepkiyi g\u00f6stermemektedir. Ancak bilinmelidir ki binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r can\u0131 pahas\u0131na de\u011ferlerini korumu\u015f olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131 bu hakl\u0131 m\u00fccadelesini can\u0131 pahas\u0131na
\nbinlerce y\u0131l daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye kararl\u0131d\u0131r. Tarih boyunca zor durumda olana, ezilen halklara yard\u0131m eden T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 \u00f6z karde\u015flerine yap\u0131lan bu zulme de sessiz kalmayacak ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan halk\u0131n\u0131n bu hakl\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinin yan\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aksan, Ya\u015far. (2011). Tek Su\u00e7lar\u0131 T\u00fcrk Olmakt\u0131 1, \u0130stanbul: Kum Saati Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k.
\nAljazeera (2014). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da Oru\u00e7
\nYasa\u011f\u0131 http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com.tr\/ adresinden eri\u015fildi.
\nAlptekin, Erkin. (1988). \u00c7in\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Siyaseti, Sosyoloji Konferanslar\u0131, 22, 143-158
\nAlptekin, \u0130sa Yusuf. (1992). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan
\nDavas\u0131, \u0130stanbul: Seha Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.
\nBahar, Hasan. (1994). T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Co\u011frafi Konumu ve \u0130lk\u00e7a\u011f Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re Tarihi, T\u00fcrkiyat Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi, 233-244
\nBu\u011fra, Mehmet Emin. (1952). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, Tarihi, Co\u011frafi ve \u015eimdiki Durumu (s. 21) \u0130stanbul: G\u00fcven Bas\u0131mevi.
\nBuran, Ahmet. (2011). Kur\u015funlanan T\u00fcrkoloji,
\nAnkara: Ak\u00e7a\u011f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.
\nDo\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan G\u00f6\u00e7menler Derne\u011fi, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, (Tarih belli de\u011fil), \u0130stanbul.
\nDo\u011fut\u00fcrkistan (2013). 5 \u015eubat 1997 Gulca Olaylar\u0131 www.doguturkistan.com.tr adresinden eri\u015fildi.
\nG\u00fcl, Osman Kubilay. (2007). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Hazin Bir G\u00f6\u00e7 Hik\u00e2yesi, Turkish Studies, 2\/1, 252-273
\n\u0130HH (2013). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da \u00c7in N\u00fckleer
\nDeneylerinin Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 16 Ekim 1964 https:\/\/www.ihh.org.tr\/ adresinden
\neri\u015fildi.
\n\u0130HH (2014). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan \u00d6zet Raporu https:\/\/www.ihh.org.tr\/ adresinden
\neri\u015fildi.
\nKul, \u00d6mer. (2013). Ter\u00f6r \u00dczerinden Global Sava\u015f ve S\u00f6zde Uygur Ter\u00f6r Tehdidi, T\u00fcrkiyat Mecmuas\u0131, C.23\/G\u00fcz, 65-98<\/p>\n

T\u0131meturk (2014). \u00c7in \u0130srail\u2019in \u0130zinde: Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da Katliam Var www.timeturk.com adresinden eri\u015fildi.
\nYeniakit (2014). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019 da K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in Vah\u015feti http:\/\/www.yeniakit.com.tr\/ adresinden eri\u015fildi.
\nYuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131, (2009). Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ve Uygur T\u00fcrkleri: D\u00fcn\u00fc, Bug\u00fcn\u00fc ve Yar\u0131n\u0131, Ba\u015fkent \u00dcniversitesi Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi, 1-55<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bahtiyar Bah\u015fi \u00d6zet G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunun yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden biri olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, gerek mevcut stratejik konumu gerekse yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc zenginlikleri ile bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyada son derece b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. N\u00fcfusunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fu kesiminde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, T\u00fcrk milletinin ana yurdu olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sahip oldu\u011fu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uygur-tarihi-ve-kulturu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4283"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4333,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4283\/revisions\/4333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}