{"id":2837,"date":"2019-04-02T16:17:09","date_gmt":"2019-04-02T13:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=2837"},"modified":"2019-04-02T16:17:09","modified_gmt":"2019-04-02T13:17:09","slug":"buyuk-oyun-dogu-turkistanin-stratejik-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=2837","title":{"rendered":"B\u00fcy\u00fck Oyun: Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n Stratejik \u00d6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\nDo\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6mer Kul<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ad\u0131 konmam\u0131\u015f 3. D\u00fcnya harbinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sava\u015f alanlar\u0131n\u0131n daha ziyade enerji ve ticaret g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

\n

B\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00c7in ekonomisi pazar pay\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak, \u00fcretti\u011fini ihra\u00e7 etmek ve bu minvalde enerji ve ham madde ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yeni aray\u0131\u015flara y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. Devasa projeler ve maliyetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Yeni \u0130pek Yolu gibi ticari \u00f6ncelikli g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar ve bu g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131n emniyeti projelerin gelece\u011fini de belirleyecektir. Bu ba\u011flamda her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artmakta olan ter\u00f6r tehditleri yap\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen projeler ve bu projelerin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinden sonraki emniyet, daha \u015fimdiden, zikredilen proje g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131nda problemli b\u00f6lgelerde s\u00fck\u00fbnetin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 problemini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan co\u011frafyas\u0131nda her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan gerginlik, olu\u015fturulmak istenen Yeni \u0130pek Yolu g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131n\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinde kilit rol oynayacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede s\u00fck\u00fbnetin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemelidir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ve \u00e7evresi b\u00f6lgelerdeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenerek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc veya \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerindeki istikrara etkileri ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Bug\u00fcn \u00c7in Seddi ile Balkanlar aras\u0131nda kalan geni\u015f alanda 250 milyonun \u00fczerinde T\u00fcrk soyundan toplumlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir.\u00a0(*1)\u00a01991 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra bu T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kavu\u015ftu, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 “\u00f6zerk b\u00f6lgelerde” ve di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise mevcut devletlerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde birer “az\u0131nl\u0131k” olarak hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 idame ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6zerk b\u00f6lgelerden biri ise \u00c7in i\u015fgal y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131ndaki Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019d\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, T\u00fcrk tarih, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyetinin en eski be\u015fi\u011fi; stratejik boyutu; jeostratejik konumu ve ekonomisi itibariyle T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131, \u00c7in ve d\u00fcnya devletleri i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0(*2)<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, do\u011fu-bat\u0131 ili\u015fkilerinde tarih boyunca \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir stratejik rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. Nitekim T\u00fcrkler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Sasaniler, Tibetliler, Araplar, Mo\u011follar ve \u00c7inliler bu stratejik b\u00f6lgeyi ele ge\u00e7irebilmek i\u00e7in tarih boyunca birbirleriyle kanl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara tutu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131r.\u00a0(*3)<\/p>\n

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\u00d6zellikle \u00c7inliler, \u0130pek Yolunu kontrol edebilmek i\u00e7in M.\u00d6. 206 ile M.S. 751 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a tam 6 b\u00fcy\u00fck sefer d\u00fczenlemi\u015flerdir. Ama Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131lar her seferinde bu istila te\u015febb\u00fcslerini ba\u015far\u0131yla geri p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00c7inlilerin 751 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki son istila te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc Uygur, Arap ve Tibet askerleri taraf\u0131ndan Talas \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 civar\u0131nda h\u00fcsrana u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0(*4), bu tarihten sonra \u00c7inliler 1877 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki II. Mancur istilas\u0131na kadar, 1126 y\u0131l Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a girememi\u015flerdir.\u00a0(*5)<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en \u0130pek Yolu, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda deniz yollar\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesine ra\u011fmen, tarihteki stratejik \u00f6nemini hi\u00e7 kaybetmemi\u015ftir. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya, bilahare Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 kontrol edebilmek i\u00e7in ciddi bir rekabet ba\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bat\u0131l\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler, Orta Asya’da patlak veren bu rekabeti “The Great Game” yani “B\u00fcy\u00fck Oyun” olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0(*6)\u00a0B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7in\u2019i fethedebilmek i\u00e7in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 bir s\u0131\u00e7rama tahtas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6ren Japonlar, 1918 ile 1934 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bu \u00fclkeyi kendi tesiri alt\u0131na alabilmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 askeri giri\u015fimlerde bulunmu\u015fsa da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0(*7)<\/p>\n

ABD, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 II. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Nazi Almanyas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmakta olan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve Japonlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmakta olan Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in\u2019e gerekli askeri yard\u0131m\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131rmada bir nevi \u00fcs olarak kullanm\u0131\u015f, Urum\u00e7i ile \u0130li (Gulca) hava limanlar\u0131n\u0131 o zaman in\u015fa etmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, askeri savunma, g\u00fcvenlik, ekonomik kalk\u0131nma, petrol, do\u011fal gaz gibi zenginlikleriyle (*8), bug\u00fcn de bu stratejik konumunu korumaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n bu stratejik \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u00c7in i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu kadar \u00c7in’in rakipleri ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de bir o kadar \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. (*9) Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle b\u00f6lge ve yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde cereyan eden olaylar yakinen takip edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/u><\/strong>
\n(*1)\u00a0As\u0131m \u00c7oban, Mehmet Temir, “Sosyal Bilgiler M\u00fcfredat\u0131nda T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Konusu ve D\u0131\u015f Politikam\u0131za Etkilerine \u0130li\u015fkin Akademisyen G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri”\u00a0SOB\u0130DER 18<\/strong>, (Aral\u0131k 2017), s.107. Geni\u015f bilgi i\u00e7in bkz. H. Bayram, “Sosyal Bilgiler \u00d6\u011fretiminde T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131”,\u00a0\u00a0Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi<\/strong>, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Ni\u011fde, 2011.<\/p>\n

(*2)\u00a0Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan hakk\u0131nda geni\u015f bilgi i\u00e7in bkz.; Ahmet Zeki Velidi, \u201cT\u00fcrkistan \u0130smi, S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc Hakk\u0131nda\u201d,\u00a0T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Ba<\/strong>\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131<\/strong>\u011f\u0131na Hizmet Eden \u201cYeni T\u00fcrkistan\u201ddan Se\u00e7ilmi<\/strong>\u015f\u00a0Makaleler (1927-1931)<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul, ATT\u0130UV Yay., 2005; \u0130sa Yusuf Alptekin,\u00a0Do<\/strong>\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Davas\u0131<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul, Marifet yay., 1981; Salih Aynural, \u201c\u00c7in\u2019in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Politikas\u0131\u201d,\u00a0G\u00f6kbayrak<\/strong>, No: 79, Kayseri, Eyl\u00fcl-Ekim 2007.<\/p>\n

(*3)\u00a0Yusuf Say\u0131n, Gamze Ko\u00e7ak, “M\u00fcsl\u00fcman D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Bir Sorun Alan\u0131 Olarak Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Meselesi ve \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin \u0130zledi\u011fi Politikalar”\u00a0Journal of Ottoman Civilization Studies<\/strong>, (2017) VOL. 3, NO. 4, s.12; \u00d6mer Kul-Tekin Tuncer, \u201cXX. As\u0131rda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da G\u00f6\u00e7ler\u201d,\u00a0T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda S\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve G\u00f6\u00e7<\/strong>, T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne Hizmet Vakf\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2015, s.193-194.<\/p>\n

(*4)\u00a0Ahmet Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l, “Talas Sava\u015f\u0131”,\u00a0D\u0130A<\/strong>, 39, (2010), s. 501.<\/p>\n

(*5)\u00a0\u00d6mer Kul, “Osman Batur ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Milli M\u00fccadelesi (1941-1951)”, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc,\u00a0Doktora Tezi<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2009, s.27.<\/p>\n

(*6)\u00a0Geni\u015f bilgi i\u00e7in bkz. Peter Hopkirk,\u00a0The Great Game<\/strong>, New York, Kodansha International, 1992.<\/p>\n

(*7)\u00a0Ahmet Kavas, “Japonya”,\u00a0D\u0130A<\/strong>, C. 23, (2001), s.573; Tuncer, \u201c1949-1964 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da \u0130stiklal M\u00fccadelesi Ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Yap\u0131lan G\u00f6\u00e7ler\u201d, Celal Bayar \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc,\u00a0Doktora Tezi<\/strong>, Manisa 2015, s.57.<\/p>\n

(*8)\u00a0Tekin Tuncer, \u201cDo\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Y\u00f6netiminde \u00c7in-Sovyet \u00c7eki\u015fmesi\u201d,\u00a0Akademik Bak\u0131\u015f Dergisi<\/strong>, S.54, (Mart-Nisan 2016), s.1052.<\/p>\n

(*9)\u00a0“Yuvarlak Masa Toplant\u0131s\u0131 Rapor Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ve Uygur T\u00fcrkleri: D\u00fcn\u00fc, Bug\u00fcn\u00fc ve Yar\u0131n\u0131”, Ba\u015fkent \u00dcniversitesi Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi yay., 25 Temmuz 2009, s.3-4.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Og\u00fcn HABER<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6mer Kul Ad\u0131 konmam\u0131\u015f 3. D\u00fcnya harbinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sava\u015f alanlar\u0131n\u0131n daha ziyade enerji ve ticaret g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. B\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00c7in ekonomisi pazar pay\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak, \u00fcretti\u011fini ihra\u00e7 etmek ve bu minvalde enerji ve ham madde ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yeni aray\u0131\u015flara y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. Devasa projeler ve maliyetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Yeni \u0130pek Yolu gibi ticari \u00f6ncelikli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cinin-uygur-politikasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2837"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2859,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2837\/revisions\/2859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}