{"id":2547,"date":"2019-01-22T15:04:03","date_gmt":"2019-01-22T12:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=2547"},"modified":"2019-01-22T15:04:03","modified_gmt":"2019-01-22T12:04:03","slug":"dogu-turkistanin-kisaca-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=2547","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n K\u0131saca Tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, mak\u00fbs kaderinden as\u0131rlard\u0131r kurtulamam\u0131\u015f, bir taraftan Rusya di\u011fer taraftan \u00c7in\u2019in k\u0131skac\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015farak hayat m\u00fccadelesi vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc itibariyle 1.828.418 kilometrekaredir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan; Tibet, \u0130\u00e7 Mo\u011folistan ve Man\u00e7urya gibi K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in m\u00fcstemlekeleri d\u00e2hil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7in topraklar\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fte birini te\u015fkil etmektedir. Fakat zengin petrol yataklar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 ve son d\u00f6nemlerde \u00c7in-Rusya aras\u0131ndaki enerji yak\u0131nla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n kesi\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lge olmas\u0131 hasebiyle b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemi daha da artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, T\u00fcrklerin eski yerle\u015fme alanlar\u0131ndan biridir. B\u00f6lgeye ilk h\u00e2kim olan T\u00fcrk Devleti, Hunlard\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 300 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131na giren Hun Devleti, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 kendisine ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan co\u011frafyas\u0131 bu tarihten sonra s\u0131ras\u0131yla; Hun (M.\u00d6. 220-M.S. 386), Tabga\u00e7 (386\u2013534) ve G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk (550\u2013840) h\u00e2kimiyetinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uygur T\u00fcrkleri 840 y\u0131l\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

840 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u0131rg\u0131zlar\u0131n Uygur ba\u015fkentine girmesinden sonra Uygurlar kendilerini toparlayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Kuzey \u00c7in taraf\u0131na (Kansu b\u00f6lgesine), bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan (Turfan ve Ka\u015fgar) taraf\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. Bu b\u00f6lgede kurulan Uygur Devleti Cengiz istilas\u0131na kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Uygur T\u00fcrklerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda Vu-hi Tegin\u2019in karde\u015fi Ngo-nie Tegin bulunuyordu. Bunlar, 840\u2019ta Kara-balasagun\u2019da istilac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Uygur ka\u011fan\u0131n\u0131n ye\u011feni Mengli\u2019yi ka\u011fan se\u00e7erek 856\u2019da Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan topraklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde 3. Uygur Devleti\u2019ni kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Uygur Devleti, Karahanl\u0131 Devleti ile X. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru birle\u015finceye kadar h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Yedisu taraf\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Uygurlar, kendilerinden evvel buraya kadar gelerek yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7en ve Tibetlilerle olan sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcney taraflar\u0131na kadar gelen (Ka\u015fgar, Yarkent, Hoten) Uygur T\u00fcrkleriyle kayna\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Uygurlar, Karluk T\u00fcrkleriyle birle\u015ferek 880\u2019de Karahanl\u0131 Devletini kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan daha sonra Kara Hoca Uygur Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (846\u20131218) ve T\u00fcrk-Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (1218\u20131759).<\/p>\n

1750\u2019de \u00c7in i\u015fgali ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve 1862 tarihine kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da 42 isyan hareketi olmu\u015ftur. 1863\u2019te Mehmed Yakup Bey, Ka\u015fgar merkez olmak \u00fczere devlet kurmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu devlet Abd\u00fclaziz\u2019den istedikleri yard\u0131m\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Mehmed Yakup Bey, en b\u00fcy\u00fck deste\u011fi ise II. Abdulhamid taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Deste\u011fe ra\u011fmen kurulan devlet uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yakup Bey\u2019in 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etmesi \u00fczerine \u00c7in hemen Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 18 May\u0131s 1878\u2019de Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir. 18 Kas\u0131m 1884\u2019te \u00c7in imparatorunun emriyle 19. eyalet olarak \u015ein-cang (Xin Jian \u201cYeni Toprak\u201d) ad\u0131yla do\u011frudan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fa ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kumul kentinde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi neticesinde b\u00f6lgedeki \u00c7inlilere kar\u015f\u0131 zafer kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 12 Kas\u0131m 1933\u2019te Ka\u015fgar\u2019da Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015ftur.Hoca Hac\u0131 Niyaz cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Rus-\u00c7in rekabetinden dolay\u0131 isyana destek veren Rusya daha sonra kendi egemenli\u011findeki T\u00fcrklere (Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan) k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6rnek olaca\u011f\u0131 korkusuyla isyan sonras\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019e destek vererek kurulan devletin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

M\u00fccadele devam etmi\u015f, 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gulca\u2019da \u00c7inlilere kar\u015f\u0131 yine galip gelinmi\u015ftir. Ayaklanmaya destekleyen Rusya, Gulca\u2019da 1944 y\u0131l\u0131 Ekim ay\u0131nda \u015eark\u00ee T\u00fcrkistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Gulca, Tarbagatay ve \u0130li \u015fehirlerini i\u00e7ine alan bu cumhuriyet b\u00f6lgedeki \u00c7in kuvvetlerini yenmi\u015ftir. Ancak Rusya bu h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmelerden korkup bu Cumhuriyetin y\u00f6neticilerini \u00c7inliler ile anla\u015fmaya zorlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki h\u00fck\u00fcmet aras\u0131nda 11 maddelik bir metin imzalan\u0131p birle\u015fik h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurulmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece bu devlet de Rusya\u2019n\u0131n olumsuz tutumu neticesinde ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu arada Mao \u00c7in\u2019e h\u00e2kim olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1949 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcnde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019daki \u00c7in birliklerinin kom\u00fcnist \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmelerine \u00fczerine \u00c7in hi\u00e7bir askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmadan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Uygur T\u00fcrklerine reva g\u00f6r\u00fclen vah\u015fiyane \u00c7in zulm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda inleyen Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n k\u0131sa tarihini anlatt\u0131k. Ancak T\u00fcrklerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k u\u011fruna \u00f6l\u00fcme seve seve gideceklerini yine de en iyi \u00c7inliler bilir. Bu T\u00fcrklerin s\u00f6nmeyen ate\u015fidir.
\nKaynak:https:\/\/www.uyghurcongress.org\/tr\/?p=7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan, mak\u00fbs kaderinden as\u0131rlard\u0131r kurtulamam\u0131\u015f, bir taraftan Rusya di\u011fer taraftan \u00c7in\u2019in k\u0131skac\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015farak hayat m\u00fccadelesi vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc itibariyle 1.828.418 kilometrekaredir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan; Tibet, \u0130\u00e7 Mo\u011folistan ve Man\u00e7urya gibi K\u0131z\u0131l \u00c7in m\u00fcstemlekeleri d\u00e2hil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7in topraklar\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fte birini te\u015fkil etmektedir. Fakat zengin petrol yataklar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 ve son d\u00f6nemlerde \u00c7in-Rusya aras\u0131ndaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uygur-tarihi-ve-kulturu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2547","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2547"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2547\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2561,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2547\/revisions\/2561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2547"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2547"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2547"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}