{"id":171,"date":"2013-04-24T14:47:40","date_gmt":"2013-04-24T11:47:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=171"},"modified":"2017-05-15T22:18:51","modified_gmt":"2017-05-15T19:18:51","slug":"bogu-kagan-ve-uygurlarda-maniheizm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=171","title":{"rendered":"B\u00f6\u011f\u00fc Ka\u011fan ve Uygurlarda Maniheizm"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"B\u00f6\u011f\u00fc<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00d6zkan \u0130ZG\u0130
\nMoyun \u00c7ur Ka\u011fan 759 senesinde \u00f6l\u00fcnce, yerine Uygurlardaki veraset geleneklerine g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flunun ge\u00e7mesi laz\u0131md\u0131. Fakat bu ki\u015fi, bilmedi\u011fimiz bir sebepten dolay\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yerine Moyun \u00c7ur’un k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan \u00abTeng-li Mou-y\u00fc\u00bb (Tengri Mou-y\u00fc) diye isimlendirilen bu ka\u011fan\u0131n birka\u00e7 tane isminin oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Bu isimlerin en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00abBu\u011fu\u00bb veya \u00abB\u00f6g\u00fc\u00bb ile \u00abTengri\u00bb idi. B\u00f6g\u00fc, Uygurcada \u00abalim, hekim\u00bb anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi gibi, \u00absihirbaz\u00bb anlam\u0131na da gelmektedir. \u00abB\u00f6g\u00fc\u00bb ismini almas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki Mani dinini Uygurlar aras\u0131nda yaym\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmektedir. \u00c7inliler \u00abB\u00f6g\u00fc\u00bb ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00abMou-y\u00fc\u00bb \u015feklinde yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan kendisine \u00abI-ti-chien\u00bb de denilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki Mani dinini kabul ettikten sonra, 763 senesinin haziran ay\u0131nda, T’ang imparatoru kendisine \u00abTeng-li Ku-ch’o Mi-sh\u0131h Ho Ch\u00fc-lu Ying-i Chien-kung P’i-chia K’o-han\u00bb (\u00abTengride Kut Bolm\u0131\u015f \u0130l tutmu\u015f Alp K\u00fcl\u00fcg Bilge Ka\u011fan\u00bb) bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyle de \u00abG\u00f6kte saadet bulmu\u015f, vatan\u0131 idare etmi\u015f, kahraman, me\u015fhur Bilge Ka\u011fan\u00bb unvan\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in tarihi i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131 bir yeri olan T’ang s\u00fclalesi i\u00e7teki ve d\u0131\u015ftaki s\u00fcrekli sava\u015flardan dolay\u0131 zay\u0131flamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve hatta y\u0131k\u0131lmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015ftu. \u00c7in halk\u0131n\u0131n ayaklanmalar\u0131 yan\u0131nda Tibetlilerin de sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kendilerini \u00e7aresiz bir durumda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An-lu-shan isyan\u0131n\u0131n neticesinde bu isyana i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f olan asi generaller ordunun ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015fler ve imparatoru \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7 durumda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Uygurlar ise, eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi \u00c7inlilerin bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k durumundan istifade etmek istemi\u015fler ve \u00c7in imparatorunun taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7erek kendilerine yeni haklar elde etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu yard\u0131m\u0131n bir sebebi de Uygur ka\u011fanlar\u0131n\u0131n T’ang s\u00fclalesinin prensesleriyle evli olmalar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerini \u00c7in imparatorlar\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ve adeta imparatorlu\u011fun hamileri durumuna getirmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu devirde Uygurlar ile \u00c7inliler g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak hemen hemen denk bir kuvvetteydiler. B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan \u00c7in imparatorunun art\u0131k hi\u00e7bir kuvveti kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi biliyordu ve ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in’i zaptetmenin zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fini de seziyordu. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Ka\u011fan’a bu fikri veren, An-lu-shan isyan\u0131n\u0131n asi generalleri olmu\u015ftu. Hatta 762 senesinde Uygur ba\u015fkentine gelen \u00c7in el\u00e7isine B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan art\u0131k \u00c7in’de imparatorun kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve b\u00f6yle bir el\u00e7inin g\u00f6nderilmesine nas\u0131l cesaret edildi\u011fine de \u015fa\u015farak sert bir \u015fekilde \u00c7in el\u00e7ilerine hakaret etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan \u00c7in’i asilerin elinden kurtarmak i\u00e7in bir sefer d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve 762 senesinde \u00c7in’in \u00f6nemli \u015fehirlerinden olan Lo-yang \u015fehrini asilerin elinden kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan’\u0131n bu Lo-yang seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00c7in de uzun s\u00fcre kalmas\u0131, Uygur tarihi i\u00e7in manevi a\u00e7\u0131dan oldu\u011fu kadar, fikir tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli neticeler do\u011furmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan bu Lo-yang seferi sonras\u0131nda \u00fclkesine d\u00f6nerken d\u00f6rt Mani rahibini de birlikte getirmi\u015f ve bu \u015fah\u0131slar Uygur medeniyetinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca amili olan Maniheizm’i Uygurlara a\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O s\u0131ralarda Uygur Devleti’nin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi tedricen g\u00fcneybat\u0131ya ve tamamiyle Tar\u0131m havzas\u0131 \u00e7evresine kaym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan’\u0131n kay\u0131npederi Bu\u011fu Hua\u0131-en \u00c7in topraklar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in saray\u0131 i\u00e7inde de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir otoriteye sahip bulunuyordu. Uygur ka\u011fanlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131z ald\u0131klar\u0131 Bu\u011fu oyma\u011f\u0131ndan olan bu \u015fah\u0131s, Ka\u011fan \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahipti. Uygur ordusu i\u00e7inde ayn\u0131 kabileden pek \u00e7ok \u015fefler de bulunuyordu. \u0130\u015fte bu sebepten B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan bir yandan asilerin ve di\u011fer taraftan \u00c7in’i zaptetmek idealinin tesiri ile b\u00fcy\u00fck bir orduyla \u00c7in seferine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok \u00c7in \u015fehrini zaptetti\u011fi ve \u00c7in ba\u015fkentine yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sefere kar\u0131s\u0131 da i\u015ftirak etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7in’in yabanc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan zaptedilemeyece\u011fi inanc\u0131n\u0131n kuvvetli olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Uygurlar\u0131 Bu\u011fu Huai-en durdurmu\u015ftur. \u00c7in kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n verdikleri bilgilere g\u00f6re, bu ak\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn Kuzey \u00c7in Uygurlar\u0131n ya\u011fmas\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, \u015fehirler yerle bir edilmi\u015f ve hatta en enteresan olan\u0131, \u00c7in mabetleri bile y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7in imparatorlu\u011funda Uygurlar bu suretle n\u00fcfuz sahibi olduktan sonra, s\u0131ra \u00c7in’deki asilerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na gelmi\u015fti. Bu sebeple \u00c7in’deki Uygur kuvvetleri yeniden te\u015fkilatland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu arada Bu\u011fu Huai-en’in \u00abSol \u015ead\u00bb, yani \u00abDo\u011fu ba\u015fkumandan\u00bb\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Di\u011fer taraftan yeni tayin edilen \u00abSa\u011f \u015ead\u00bb, yani \u00abBat\u0131 ba\u015fkomutan\u00bb \u0131 ise \u00c7inli asilerle m\u00fccadele etmek \u00fczere g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. Az bir zaman sonra da asilerin lideri yakalanm\u0131\u015f ve boynu kesilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:
\nKitap: KUTLUK B\u0130LGE K\u00dcL KA\u011eAN B\u00dc\u011e\u00dc KA\u011eAN ve UYGURLAR<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zkan \u0130ZG\u0130 Moyun \u00c7ur Ka\u011fan 759 senesinde \u00f6l\u00fcnce, yerine Uygurlardaki veraset geleneklerine g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flunun ge\u00e7mesi laz\u0131md\u0131. Fakat bu ki\u015fi, bilmedi\u011fimiz bir sebepten dolay\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yerine Moyun \u00c7ur’un k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan \u00abTeng-li Mou-y\u00fc\u00bb (Tengri Mou-y\u00fc) diye isimlendirilen bu ka\u011fan\u0131n birka\u00e7 tane isminin oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Bu isimlerin en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00abBu\u011fu\u00bb veya \u00abB\u00f6g\u00fc\u00bb ile […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel","category-uygur-tarihi-ve-kulturu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":537,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions\/537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}