{"id":156,"date":"2013-04-24T14:08:27","date_gmt":"2013-04-24T11:08:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=156"},"modified":"2013-04-25T17:46:02","modified_gmt":"2013-04-25T14:46:02","slug":"uygurlarin-turk-tarihindeki-yeri-ve-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/?p=156","title":{"rendered":"Uygurlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk Tarihindeki Yeri Ve \u00d6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Eski<\/a><\/p>\n

Karluk ve Basmiller\u2019le birle\u015ferek II. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devletini y\u0131kan Uygurlar Orhun b\u00f6lgesinde Uygur Devletini kurdular.(745)<\/p>\n

Kurucular\u0131 : Kutluk Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan<\/p>\n

Merkezleri : Ordubal\u0131k (Karabalsagun)\u2019dur.<\/p>\n

Kutluk Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan T\u00fcrklerin \u015fehir kuran ilk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk T\u00fcrk \u015fehri Ordubal\u0131k’ t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan\u2019dan sonra MOYEN-\u00c7OR ba\u015fa ge\u00e7mi\u015f, onun d\u00f6neminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Araplar(Abbasiler) ile \u00c7inliler aras\u0131nda Talas Sava\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Talas Sava\u015f\u0131 Tar\u0131m Havzas\u0131n\u0131n Uygurlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesini ve \u00c7in’in Orta Asya’dan \u00e7ekilerek zay\u0131flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan devrin de Uygur T\u00fcrkleri ile \u00c7in aras\u0131nda iyi ili\u015fkiler kuruldu, ticaret geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan \u00c7in’e yard\u0131m amac\u0131yla \u201cTibet Seferine\u201d \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan Tibet seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda iki MAN\u0130 (MAN\u0130HE\u0130ZM) rahibini yan\u0131na alarak \u00fclkesine geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Bu rahipler Uygur T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131nda Mani dininin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep oldular. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda Budizm\u2019de yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mani Dini: Avlanmay\u0131, et yemeyi ve sava\u015fmay\u0131 yasaklayan bir dindi.<\/p>\n

Mani Dininin Uygurlar \u00fczerindeki Etkileri:<\/p>\n

1- Uygurlar Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybettiler.<\/p>\n

2- Yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7tiler.<\/p>\n

3- Yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7meleriyle Uygurlar ticaret, bilim, sanat ve edebiyat gibi bir \u00e7ok alanda geli\u015ftiler.<\/p>\n

840 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka T\u00fcrk kavmi olan K\u0131rg\u0131zlar, Uygur Devletine son verdiler. K\u0131rg\u0131zlar\u2019\u0131n Orhun B\u00f6lgesine girmeleri sonucu Uygurlar, Kansu ve Turfan b\u00f6lgelerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

K\u0131rg\u0131zlar\u0131n bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 buradaki T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunun azalmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. Bu y\u00fczden bu en eski T\u00fcrk Yurdu, daha sonra K\u0131rg\u0131zlar\u0131 yenen Mo\u011follar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7erek kolayca Mo\u011folla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, MO\u011eOL\u0130STAN olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KANSU (SARI UYGUR) DEVLET\u0130:<\/p>\n

K\u0131rg\u0131zlardan ka\u00e7arak Kansu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ne gelen Uygurlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan bu devlete Sar\u0131 Uygur Devleti de denilmektedir. 1209\u2019da Mo\u011follar\u0131n hakimiyetine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

TURFAN (DO\u011eU T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN) UYGUR DEVLET\u0130:<\/p>\n

K\u0131rg\u0131zlar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 neticesinde Uygurlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Turfan B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ne gelerek, burada yeni bir devlet kurdular. Bu devletleri de Mo\u011follar taraf\u0131ndan 1207\u2019de y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cengiz Han\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fine girmelerine ra\u011fmen medeniyette geli\u015ftiklerinden Mo\u011follar\u2019\u0131 devlet te\u015fkilat\u0131, ticaret, bilim, sanat, alfabe gibi konularda etkilediler.<\/p>\n

Mo\u011follar\u0131n T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

-\u015eehircilik, tar\u0131m ve ticarette ileri gitmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

-Okur-yazar oranlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek olup, 14 harfli alfabeleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-T\u00fcreyi\u015f ve G\u00f6\u00e7 destanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. “Orta Oyunu” Uygurlardan gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

-G\u00f6k tanr\u0131 inanc\u0131n\u0131 terk edip yabanc\u0131 dine inanan ilk T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011fudur<\/p>\n

-B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan zaman\u0131nda girdikleri Manihaizm dini, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 karakterlerini kaybetmelerine neden olmu\u015ftur<\/p>\n

-Tahta harfli matbaay\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Uygur beylerinden Eratna, Orta Anadolu’da bir devlet kurmu\u015ftur. Kayseri’deki t\u00fcrbesinde (K\u00f6\u015fk Medrese) yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Uygurlar, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler devrinde yukar\u0131 Selenge boylar\u0131nda yasam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-On boydan meydana gelmi\u015flerdi. Onun i\u00e7in On Uygur \u015feklinde de an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Uygurlar’\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndaki idareciler, el teber (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kral) unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131<\/p>\n

1.Man\u00e7ur \u00c7in \u0130stil\u00e2s\u0131na Kadar Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/p>\n

Tarihine K\u0131saca Bak\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduktan sonra T\u00fcrklerin kurduklar\u0131 ilk devlet olan Karahanl\u0131lar Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n Yedisu, Seyhun Fergana b\u00f6lgeleriyle, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n Cungarya, Yarkent, Taklamakan \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fc, Talas, \u00c7u, Ka\u015fgar b\u00f6lgelerine hakim bulunuyordu. Daha sonra do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 diye ikiye ayr\u0131lan Karahanl\u0131lar devletinin bat\u0131 kolu 1133’te, Do\u011fu kolu da 1221’de Karah\u0131taylar taraf\u0131ndan ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Uygurlar, Mo\u011follar, Kartuklar ve T\u00fcrke\u015fler birle\u015ferek 1209’da Karah\u0131tay’lar\u0131n hakimiyetine son verdiler. Bu defa ismen Cengiz Han’a tabi, fakat hakikatte m\u00fcstakil olmak \u00fczere Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n kuzey b\u00f6lgesinde Uygurlar, g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgesinde Do\u011flatlar ismiyle, birer devlet kuruldu. 1514 senesinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’da hakimiyet Do\u011flatlar\u2019a mensup Saidiye’lere intikal etti. Merkezi Yarkent olan Saidiye devletini, 1679’dan itibaren merkezi Ka\u015fgar olan Hocalar saltanat\u0131 takip etti.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’da \u00e7\u0131kan dahili karga\u015fal\u0131klardan faydalanan Man\u00e7u s\u00fclalesi idaresindeki \u00c7inliler 1757-1759 aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n kuzey b\u00f6lgesini 1760’da da g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgesini fiilen zapt ve i\u015fgal ettiler.<\/p>\n

1.Man\u00e7ur \u00c7in \u0130stil\u00e2s\u0131<\/p>\n

1760-1863<\/p>\n

\u00c7inliler din\u00ee, siyas\u00ee bir husus olarak kabul ettiklerinden herkesin resm\u00ee \u00c7in dinine kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorlard\u0131. Bu isteklerini bir kanunla Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a da uygulamaya kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131nca \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flad\u0131, \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7in kanunlar\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2miyet’in ruhuyla tam aaaat te\u015fkil ediyordu. Beylerinin etraf\u0131na toplanm\u0131\u015f olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131lar \u00c7in idaresine kar\u015f\u0131 devaml\u0131 ayakland\u0131lar. 1822’de ba\u015flayan hareketin \u00f6nderi Cihangir Han Ka\u015fgar’\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurdu, daha sonra Yarkent, Yenihisar ve Hoten’i de ele ge\u00e7irerek hakimiyet sahas\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletti.<\/p>\n

1824-1825 y\u0131llar\u0131nda m\u00fcstakil olan bu m\u00fcstakil idareye 1827’de \u00c7inliler son verdiler. \u0130kinci b\u00fcy\u00fck ayaklanma 1845 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mehmet Emin Han idaresinde oldu. Mehmet Emin Han, Ka\u015fgar’da bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet te\u015fkil ettiyse de bu h\u00fck\u00fcmet uzun s\u00fcrmedi. \u00c7inlilerin i\u015fgali 1863 senesine kadar devam etti. 1862-1863 senelerinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’da \u00e7\u0131kan mill\u00ee ihtil\u00e2llerde b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7inliler imha edilerek Ku\u00e7ar, Yarkent Ka\u015fgar ve \u0130li’de birer \u015fehir devleti kuruldu. 1863’te devletinin reisi (asker\u00ee Kumandan) Yakup Han iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek \u00eeli \u015fehir devleti m\u00fcstesna b\u00fct\u00fcn bu devlet\u00e7ikleri birle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Ka\u015fgar merkez olmak \u00fczere “Ba-Devlet” ad\u0131yla kuvvetli bir merkez\u00ee idare kurmaya muvaffak oldu. Ba-Devleti’ni \u0130ngiltere, Rusya ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu resmen tan\u0131d\u0131. Yakup Han bu devletlerle siyas\u00ee m\u00fcnasebetler kurdu. Ticar\u00ee antla\u015fmalar akdetti. Orta Asya’da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfuz rekabetine giren \u0130ngiltere ve Rusya Yakup Han’\u0131 kendi taraflar\u0131na \u00e7ekebilmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck gayretler sarf ettiler, Buna ra\u011fmen Yakup Han hi\u00e7bir te\u015febb\u00fcste bulunmayan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa tabi olmay\u0131 tercih etti. Bu maksatla ye\u011fenini fevkal\u00e2de salahiyetlerle husus\u00ee m\u00fcmessil olarak \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6nderdi ve Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz’e resmen biat etti.<\/p>\n

Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz bu biati kabul ederek Kola\u011fas\u0131 K\u00e2z\u0131m ve \u0130smail efendilerin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki askeri bir talim heyetini b\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u0131ymetli hediyelerle Ka\u015fgar’a g\u00f6nderdi. Yakup Han, Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz Han nam\u0131na Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn cami ve mescitlerinde hutbeler okuttu ve sikkeler bast\u0131rd\u0131. Fakat Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan devleti ancak 1876 senesine kadar yani 13 sene devam edebildi.<\/p>\n

2.Man\u00e7ur \u00c7in \u0130stil\u00e2s\u0131<\/p>\n

1876-1911<\/p>\n

Yakup Han \u0130ngiltere ile Rusya aras\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfuz rekabetinden faydalanamad\u0131. Bir taraftan Rusya di\u011fer taraftan \u00c7inliler bu devleti ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in anla\u015ft\u0131lar, \u00c7inli general Tse-Tsung-Tng’\u0131n kumandas\u0131nda g\u00f6nderilen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00c7in ordusu, Rusya’n\u0131n yard\u0131mlar\u0131 sayesinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a gelip Yakup Han’\u0131n Mill\u00ee ordular\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda mevki ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu ebed\u00ee T\u00fcrk yurdunu istila i\u00e7in gelen d\u00fc\u015fman ordular\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccum i\u00e7in f\u0131rsat kollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u0131rada Yakup Han’\u0131n zehirlenerek ans\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6lmesi, o\u011fullan ile kumandanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ihtilaf \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebep oldu. Bu durumdan faydalanan (Asl\u0131nda bu durumu haz\u0131rlayan) \u00c7inliler Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 adeta harpsiz kolayca zapt ve i\u015fgale muvaffak oldular. B\u00f6ylelikle Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan tarihte ikinci defa \u00c7inlilerin (Man\u00e7u) fiili i\u015fgaline u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Umum\u00ee \u00c7inli Valiler D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n

1911-1933<\/p>\n

1911’de \u00c7in’de Man\u00e7u \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu y\u0131k\u0131larak yerine \u00c7in Cumhuriyeti kuruldu. \u00c7in’de karga\u015fal\u0131klar ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdi, dahili sava\u015flar ba\u015flad\u0131. Fakat bu durumdan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrkleri faydalanamad\u0131lar. 1911’den itibaren ba\u015flayan Kuzey \u00c7in ve G\u00fcney \u00c7in m\u00fccadelesini Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in-Kom\u00fcnist \u00c7in m\u00fccadelesi takip etti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in’de Cumhuriyet u \u0130mparatorluk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin tayin etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’daki umumi valiler yerlerinde kald\u0131lar, ismen ve hukuken \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ba\u011fl\u0131, fakat faaliyette tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan bu askeri valiler, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 1933 senesine kadar diledikleri gibi vah\u015fi, barbar bir \u015fekilde idare ettiler.<\/p>\n

1931’de Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n Kumul \u015fehrinde ba\u015flayan h\u00fcrriyet, istikl\u00e2l m\u00fccadelesi 1933 senesine kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan sath\u0131na sirayet etti. Memleketin her taraf\u0131nda \u00c7inliler ma\u011fl\u00fbp ve peri\u015fan oldular, imha edildiler. Neticede merkezi Ka\u015fgar’da olmak \u00fczere 12 Kas\u0131m 1933 tarihinde b\u00fct\u00fcn Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a \u015famil “M\u00dcSTAK\u0130L DO\u011eU T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 DEVLET\u0130” resmen kurularak d\u00fcnyaya il\u00e2n edildi. Bu devletin kurucular\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet azalar\u0131 \u015fu de\u011ferli kimselerden meydana gelmi\u015fti,<\/p>\n

1- Reisicumhur……………… Hoca Niyaz Hacim Baki Niyaz<\/p>\n

2- Ba\u015fvekil……………………. Sabit Damulla Abd\u00fclbaki<\/p>\n

3- Harbiye Naz\u0131r\u0131…………… Uraz Bey<\/p>\n

4- Erkan H. Reisi…………… General Mahmut Muhiti<\/p>\n

5- Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131………….. Zeyyid Zade Yunus Be\u011f<\/p>\n

6- Hariciye Naz\u0131r\u0131………….. Kas\u0131m Can Hac\u0131<\/p>\n

7- Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131…………….. Abd\u00fclkerim Han Mahdum<\/p>\n

8- Evkaf Naz\u0131r\u0131……………… \u015eemseddin T\u00fcrdi<\/p>\n

9- Adliye Naz\u0131r\u0131…………….. Zarif Kari<\/p>\n

10- Ziraat ve Ticaret Naz\u0131r\u0131. Abdulhasan Musa Bey<\/p>\n

11- Maliye Naz\u0131r\u0131……………. Ali Akhun<\/p>\n

12- S\u0131hhiye Naz\u0131r\u0131…………… Abdullah Gani<\/p>\n

Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin i\u00e7 sava\u015flarla me\u015fguliyeti dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a yeni bir ordu g\u00f6nderemeyece\u011fini hesaplayan ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n m\u00fcstakil gen\u00e7 T\u00fcrk devleti ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, Rus esareti alt\u0131ndaki Bati T\u00fcrkistan, Azerbaycan, \u00cedil-Ural, Kuzey Kafkasya ve K\u0131r\u0131m gibi di\u011fer T\u00fcrk \u00fclkelerine \u00f6rnek olaca\u011f\u0131ndan korkan Sovyet-Rusya o s\u0131ralarda yaln\u0131z Ur\u00fcm\u00e7i’de tutunabilen mahsur \u00c7in kuvvetleri kumandan\u0131 ile anla\u015farak Ruslar’\u0131n \u00c7inli k\u0131yafetine soktu\u011fu k\u0131z\u0131l ordunun en se\u00e7me birliklerini modern sil\u00e2h ve u\u00e7aklarla takviye ederek, mahdut say\u0131daki derme \u00e7atma sil\u00e2hlarla fakat imanla sava\u015fan mill\u00ee kuvvetlerin \u00fczerine iki koldan sald\u0131rtt\u0131. Kom\u015fu devletlerden alt\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sil\u00e2h ve cephane tedarik edemeyen Mill\u00ee kuvvetler bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda mukadder olan ma\u011fl\u00fbbiyetten kurtulamay\u0131nca gen\u00e7 Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Cumhuriyeti Devleti de ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ne zaman istikl\u00e2li i\u00e7in ayaklanm\u0131\u015fsa devaml\u0131 Ruslar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bul-mu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Avrupa’n\u0131n Asya siyas\u00ee haritalar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda 1876-1949 y\u0131llan aras\u0131 Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan devaml\u0131 Rus n\u00fcfuzu alt\u0131nda olarak g\u00f6sterilmektedir. 1935 senesinde Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 gezen ve g\u00f6r\u00fcp ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylar\u0131 “Solo Turkestan ve Verbotene Reise” ad\u0131ndaki pek ilgi \u00e7ekici kitaplar\u0131nda anlatan Ella Maillart Rus konsoloslar\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’da \u00c7inli valilerden daha h\u00fck\u00fcmran olduklar\u0131n\u0131, \u00c7inli valilerin onlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda ellerini birle\u015ftirip devaml\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 e\u011ferek konu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7inli valiler ise her an bir ayaklanman\u0131n ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 korkusu i\u00e7erisinde idiler.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ad\u0131n\u0131 kendilerin de\u011fil yerli halk\u0131n kullanmak istemedi\u011fini, buradaki halk\u0131n \u00c7in soyundan Uygurlar oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Ancak benim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistanl\u0131 herkes kendilerinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Siz Uygur musunuz diye sordu\u011fumuzda Uygur ad\u0131na evet diyen \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu ad\u0131n ne ifade etti\u011fini de \u00e7ok kimse bilmiyordu, demektedir.<\/p>\n

Rus \u0130stil\u00e2 D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n

1934-1944<\/p>\n

Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in dahil olmak \u00fczere, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lemle ilgisini kesen Sovyet-Rus kuvvetleri, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’\u0131 fiilen i\u015fgal ve tahakk\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131na ald\u0131. S\u00fcratle iktidara ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi general \u015ein-S\u0131-Say vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’da tedhi\u015f rejimi kurarak, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir temizlik ve sosyalizasyon hareketine giri\u015fti. Bu durum 1933-1934 senesinden 1943 senesine kadar fas\u0131las\u0131z devam etti.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci d\u00fcnya harbinde Hitler’in ordular\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcratle ilerleyerek Moskova’n\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kadar sokuldu\u011fu bir s\u0131rada o zamana kadar Ruslar’\u0131n emellerine sadakatle hizmet etmi\u015f ve Rus m\u00fc\u015favirlerinin verdi\u011fi her emri kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z yerine getirmi\u015f bulunan \u015ein-S\u0131-Say zuhur eden bu f\u0131rsattan faydalanarak gizlice Mare\u015fal \u00c7ang-Kay-\u015eek h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle anla\u015ft\u0131. Ve 1943’te \u00c7in kuvvetleri Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan’a girdi. Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti General \u015ein-\u015ei-Say’\u0131 geri \u00e7ekti, yerine merkezden general U-Cing-\u015ein’i umum\u00ee vali olarak Ur\u00fcm\u00e7i’ye g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n

H\u00fcrriyet ve istiklal m\u00fccadelesinden y\u0131lmayan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrkleri 1944\u2019te \u0130li b\u00f6lgesinde Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in kuvvetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 yeniden ayakland\u0131lar. Bu s\u0131rada Rus-Alman harbi de yava\u015flam\u0131\u015f, hat-ta Ruslar\u0131n lehine geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan i\u015flerine m\u00fcdahale f\u0131rsat\u0131 kollayan Ruslar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u0130li b\u00f6lgesi milliyet\u00e7ilerine yard\u0131m ettiler.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylelikle \u00eeli b\u00f6lgesi havzas\u0131nda merkezi Kulca olmak \u00fczere, Tarbagatay ve Altay vilayetlerinden m\u00fcte\u015fekkil m\u00fcstakil “DO\u011eU T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN CUMHUR\u0130YET DEVLET\u0130” kuruldu. Ve 1944 Ekiminde resmen il\u00e2n edildi. \u0130kinci defa istikl\u00e2line kavu\u015fan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrklerinin kurdu\u011fu bu devletin kurucular\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet erk\u00e2n\u0131 \u015fu de\u011ferli kimselerden ibaret idi.<\/p>\n

1- Reisicumhur……………… Ali Han T\u00f6re<\/p>\n

2- Reisicumhur Muavini…. Hekim Han Hoca Be\u011f<\/p>\n

3- Genel Sekreter………….. Abd\u00fcrrauf<\/p>\n

4- Maliye Naz\u0131r\u0131……………. Enver Musabay<\/p>\n

5- Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131…………….. Seyfeddin Azizi<\/p>\n

6- Adliye Naz\u0131r\u0131……………… Mehmed Can Mahdum<\/p>\n

Sadece \u00fc\u00e7 vil\u00e2yete m\u00fcnhas\u0131r k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir devlet olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Cumhuriyeti’nin tek ba\u015f\u0131na Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in ordular\u0131 ile sava\u015farak bu ordular\u0131 ma\u011fl\u00fbp ve peri\u015fan etmesi, ayr\u0131ca Rus esaretindeki T\u00fcrk \u00fclkelerine ve hususiyle biti\u015fik Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan’a kar\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc emsal te\u015fkil edebilece\u011fi kayg\u0131s\u0131, Ruslarda korku ve endi\u015fe yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Sovyet-Rusya t\u00fcrl\u00fc entrikalarla mill\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u00c7ang-Kay-\u015eek h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle sulh yapmaya zorlad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece 1946 senesinde iki h\u00fck\u00fbmet temsilcileri aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan bir antla\u015fma neticesinde, m\u00fcstakil Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Cumhuriyeti feshedilerek, Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7in ile m\u00fc\u015ftereken bir koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurulmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Sovyet Rusya b\u00f6yle bir antla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalamay\u0131 reddeden Reisicumhur Ali Han T\u00f6re’yi bir gece tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek Rusya’ya ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131lar ve yerine kendi piyonlar\u0131m (taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131) ge\u00e7irdiler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Karluk ve Basmiller\u2019le birle\u015ferek II. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devletini y\u0131kan Uygurlar Orhun b\u00f6lgesinde Uygur Devletini kurdular.(745) Kurucular\u0131 : Kutluk Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan Merkezleri : Ordubal\u0131k (Karabalsagun)\u2019dur. Kutluk Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan T\u00fcrklerin \u015fehir kuran ilk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk T\u00fcrk \u015fehri Ordubal\u0131k’ t\u0131r. Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan\u2019dan sonra MOYEN-\u00c7OR ba\u015fa ge\u00e7mi\u015f, onun d\u00f6neminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Araplar(Abbasiler) ile \u00c7inliler aras\u0131nda Talas Sava\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel","category-uygur-tarihi-ve-kulturu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=156"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":263,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156\/revisions\/263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.uyghuracademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}